La respuesta correcta se apoya en el texto; no necesita conocimientos externos.
Conecta las piezas: si A y B son ciertos, ¿qué debe ser probable?
Estrategia paso a paso
Resume la lógica del texto en una cadena corta: causa → efecto → conclusión.
Descarta opciones que contradicen algún dato del texto.
Trampas habituales
Conclusiones razonables en la vida real pero que el texto no apoya.
Opciones que repiten el punto de vista contrario al que pide el texto.
Ejemplo resuelto
Una planta solo florece bien si el invierno es frío. Este invierno fue muy suave → lo lógico es que florezca poco esta primavera.
Preguntas de ejemplo
Intenta responder antes de abrir la solución. Las preguntas están en el idioma del examen.
Pregunta 1
Dificultad fácil≈ 1 min
Ferns reproduce by releasing spores rather than seeds. A fern’s spores are extremely small and light, and wind can carry them hundreds or even thousands of kilometers. This ability to travel great distances helps explain why ferns are often among the first plants to ______
Which choice most logically completes the text?
AA. produce flowers when spring temperatures begin to rise.
BB. grow in sheltered valleys and deep caves where there is almost no wind to disturb them.
CC. appear on remote islands and on land newly cleared by volcanic eruptions.
DD. be eaten by animals that live in dense, old forests.
Ver respuesta y explicación
Respuesta correcta: C. appear on remote islands and on land newly cleared by volcanic eruptions.
Explicación
The text stresses that wind can carry fern spores very far. Plants whose spores travel great distances would be among the first to reach isolated or newly cleared land, such as remote islands or ground covered by fresh lava.
Ferns use spores “rather than seeds” and the text says nothing about flowers. Places with almost no wind would not benefit from wind-carried spores. Being eaten by animals has no connection to how far spores travel.
Pregunta 2
Dificultad media≈ 1 min
Archaeologists excavating a 4,000-year-old settlement found grinding stones coated with residue from barley. However, they found no barley stalks or husks—the parts usually thrown away when harvested grain is threshed—anywhere in the settlement’s trash heaps. Barley also grows poorly in the dry, rocky soil surrounding the site. These findings suggest that ______
Which choice most logically completes the text?
AA. the settlement’s residents ground barley that had been harvested and threshed somewhere else.
BB. the grinding stones were used only to crush wild seeds that grew near the settlement.
CC. the settlement’s residents grew large amounts of barley in the surrounding soil.
DD. barley was not part of the diet of the settlement’s residents.
Ver respuesta y explicación
Respuesta correcta: A. the settlement’s residents ground barley that had been harvested and threshed somewhere else.
Explicación
Barley residue on the grinding stones shows that barley was ground at the settlement, but the waste from threshing is missing and barley grows poorly nearby. The most logical conclusion is that the grain was grown and threshed elsewhere and brought in to be ground.
The barley residue rules out stones used “only” for wild seeds and suggests barley was eaten. Poor soil and the absence of stalks and husks argue against large local barley fields.
Pregunta 3
Dificultad difícil≈ 2 min
All the stars in a star cluster form at roughly the same time, but they do not all live equally long: massive stars use up their fuel far faster than smaller stars do, so the most massive stars in a cluster are the first to die. The most massive stars also tend to be the hottest and bluest. A cluster that still contains many massive, bright blue stars is therefore likely to be ______
Which choice most logically completes the text?
AA. older than a cluster in which no bright blue stars remain.
BB. younger than a cluster whose most massive remaining stars are smaller and cooler.
CC. made up of stars that formed over a long period of time rather than at roughly the same time.
DD. unlikely to contain any stars that are smaller or cooler than the Sun.
Ver respuesta y explicación
Respuesta correcta: B. younger than a cluster whose most massive remaining stars are smaller and cooler.
Explicación
Massive blue stars die first, so a cluster that still has many of them cannot have existed long enough for them to die. It is therefore younger than a cluster in which only smaller, cooler stars remain, because in that older cluster the massive stars have already died.
A cluster with no bright blue stars has lost its most massive stars, so it is likely older, not younger (A). The text says the stars in a cluster form at roughly the same time (C). Nothing suggests that a young cluster lacks small, cool stars; the text says only that massive ones have not yet died (D).