Identifica la afirmación principal de cada texto antes de mirar las opciones.
El segundo texto a menudo matiza, cuestiona o añade una explicación alternativa.
Estrategia paso a paso
Pregúntate: ¿el autor 2 está de acuerdo, en desacuerdo o en parte?
Busca en el texto 2 la frase exacta que responde al texto 1.
Trampas habituales
Respuestas extremas: “demuestra que es falso” cuando el autor solo pide más pruebas.
Atribuir a un texto una idea que solo aparece en el otro.
Ejemplo resuelto
Texto 1: “los videojuegos mejoran la atención”. Texto 2: “los estudios solo miden tareas muy parecidas a los juegos”. → El autor 2 diría que la conclusión va más allá de lo que prueban los estudios.
Preguntas de ejemplo
Intenta responder antes de abrir la solución. Las preguntas están en el idioma del examen.
Pregunta 1
Dificultad fácil≈ 1 min
Text 1
Some gardeners believe that watering plants in the midday sun scorches their leaves, because water droplets act like tiny lenses that focus sunlight onto the leaf.
Text 2
In experiments with several common plants, researchers found that droplets on smooth leaves rarely focused sunlight strongly enough to cause any damage. Only on leaves covered with fine hairs, which hold droplets above the leaf surface, did focused sunlight sometimes produce small burns.
Based on the texts, how would the researchers in Text 2 most likely respond to the gardeners’ belief described in Text 1?
AA. They would reject it entirely, since water droplets cannot focus sunlight at all.
BB. They would say that it holds, at most, for a limited set of plants, such as those with hairy leaves.
CC. They would agree that midday watering usually damages plants with smooth leaves.
DD. They would argue that watering in the evening causes more leaf damage than watering at midday.
Ver respuesta y explicación
Respuesta correcta: B. They would say that it holds, at most, for a limited set of plants, such as those with hairy leaves.
Explicación
The researchers found that droplets rarely harmed smooth leaves and caused burns only sometimes, on hairy leaves. So they would say the belief applies, at most, to a limited group of plants.
They did observe burns on hairy leaves, so they would not reject the idea entirely. Their results show smooth leaves were rarely damaged. Evening watering is never discussed.
Pregunta 2
Dificultad media≈ 2 min
Text 1
For much of the twentieth century, forest managers in many regions treated wildfires purely as destructive events. Fire-suppression policies aimed to put out every blaze as quickly as possible.
Text 2
Many forest ecosystems depend on periodic low-intensity fires, which clear away dead wood and brush and allow some tree species to release their seeds. Where every fire has been suppressed for decades, however, fuel has built up on the forest floor, so the fires that do eventually break out tend to be far more intense and destructive than they would otherwise have been.
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely characterize the policies described in Text 1?
AA. As having, in some forests, contributed to the very kind of destruction they were meant to prevent
BB. As having gradually reduced the intensity of fires in most of the forests where they were applied
CC. As having been necessary because low-intensity fires damage most tree species
DD. As having been abandoned in some regions mainly because they were too expensive to carry out
Ver respuesta y explicación
Respuesta correcta: A. As having, in some forests, contributed to the very kind of destruction they were meant to prevent
Explicación
The policies in Text 1 tried to prevent destruction by stopping every fire. Text 2 explains that suppressing all fires lets fuel build up, so later fires become “far more intense and destructive.” The author of Text 2 would therefore see the policies as having helped cause the very destruction they aimed to prevent.
Text 2 says suppression makes later fires more intense, not less. It describes low-intensity fires as beneficial, not damaging. Neither text mentions the cost of the policies or says they were abandoned anywhere.
Pregunta 3
Dificultad difícil≈ 2 min
Text 1
Many linguists warn that the internet is accelerating the decline of the world’s smaller languages. Because so much online content is in English and a handful of other major languages, young people who spend hours online may come to see their parents’ language as irrelevant to modern life.
Text 2
There is no denying that English dominates the internet. But digital tools have also opened new spaces for languages that rarely appeared in print. Speakers of minority languages now write encyclopedia articles, text one another, and share videos in those languages, often reaching audiences scattered far beyond their home regions.
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the linguists’ warning in Text 1?
AA. By denying that English plays an especially large role in online communication
BB. By agreeing that the internet will harm all languages, large and small, to the same degree
CC. By granting that English dominates online while noting that the internet can also help smaller languages
DD. By claiming that minority languages are now growing online faster than English is
Ver respuesta y explicación
Respuesta correcta: C. By granting that English dominates online while noting that the internet can also help smaller languages
Explicación
Text 2 concedes that “English dominates the internet” but argues that digital tools have given minority languages new uses and audiences. Its author would accept part of the linguists’ premise while pointing out that the internet can also support smaller languages.
Text 2 explicitly accepts English’s dominance, so it would not deny it. It describes benefits for small languages, not equal harm to all. It never compares growth rates.